Annotation: One of the most important works by the linguist and public figure Pavlo Zhytetskyi is his research paper, dedicated to the poem “Eneida” (“Aeneid”) by the prominent Ukrainian writer and public figure Ivan Kotliarevskyi (1769–1838) and its connections with Ukrainian literature of the 18th century. The work was published in parts in 1899-1900 in the magazine “Kievskaya Starina”. The part, presented here, deals with the contribution of the writer to the development of Ukrainian literature. The text of the poem from the list of 1799 is compared with its first editions.